Urban or Rural Status

Urban or Rural Status within E-Rate is guided by the U.S. Census Bureau’s delineation. An individual school or library is designated as “urban” if located in an “Urbanized Area” or “Urban Cluster” with a population of 25,000 or more as determined by the U.S. Census Bureau.

Any school or library not designated “urban” is designated as “rural.”

Urban/Rural status for FY2022 is determined using 2010 Census data.

Note: Existing applicants can use the new Entity Search Tool on USAC’s Open Data website to find information about their urban or rural status. Watch the video walkthrough to learn about how to use it.

New applicants can check their urban or rural status using this guide.

Urban/rural status for an individual school or library

USAC compares the address of record for a school or library to U.S. Census data to determine if the school or library is in an area that is considered urban or rural. USAC’s database is then updated to reflect the appropriate status, as follows:

• “U” if the school or library is considered urban
• “R” if the school or library is considered rural
• “?” if the status cannot be determined – for example, if the school or library does not exist in our database or the address information for the school or library is incorrect or incomplete

Urban/rural discount for a school district or library system

If more than 50 percent of the schools in a school district or libraries in a library system are considered rural, the school district or library system is eligible for a rural discount. If 50 percent or fewer of the entities are considered rural, the school district or library system is eligible for an urban discount.

Individual schools

• An individual school that is part of a school district must use the discount calculated for its school district, even if the individual school applies for Schools and Libraries (E-Rate) program funding on its own. For example, even if an individual school is considered rural, it must use the urban discount calculated for its school district if its school district is eligible for an urban discount.
• However, an independent school – a school not affiliated financially or operationally with a school district – uses only its student population numbers to determine the level of poverty and the urban or rural status of its physical location for its discount calculation.

School districts

• Non-instructional facilities (NIFs) – including NIFs with classrooms – do not have an urban or rural status and do not count toward the urban or rural determination for the school district.
• Charter schools that are part of the school district count towards the urban or rural determination.
• If a school has several locations not on the same campus (and therefore several different entity numbers) but is considered to be a single school by the state, only the main location counts toward the urban or rural determination for the school district.
• A school that does not serve as the home school for any students and is considered a school by the state (for example, a vocational education school) counts toward the urban or rural determination for the school district.
• A group of schools that acts as a school district (for example, diocesan schools that share a common board and are not individually responsible for finances and administration) may file as a school district and determine the “school district” eligibility as described above for an urban or rural discount.

Individual library branches (outlets)

• An individual library branch that is part of a library system must use the discount calculated for its library system, even if the individual library branch applies for funding on its own. For example, even if an individual library branch is considered rural, it must use the urban discount calculated for its library system if the library system is eligible for an urban discount.
• However, an independent library – for example, a library that does not share a common board with other libraries and is individually responsible for its finances and administration – uses only the level of poverty from the public school district in which it is physically located and the urban or rural status of its physical location for its discount calculation.

Library systems

• NIFs do not have an urban or rural status and do not count toward the urban or rural determination for the library system.
• Bookmobiles and kiosks can be considered library branches and are counted toward the urban or rural determination for the library system. USAC uses the address in its database for the bookmobile or kiosk to determine its urban or rural status.

Consortia and statewide applications

• Consortium and statewide applicants do not have an urban or rural status. Each consortium application’s discount is determined based on the entities included on that application. Additional details are available on the Consortia page of the E-Rate website.